PluralFormat

java.lang.Object
- java.text.Format
- - ohos.global.icu.text.UFormat
  - - ohos.global.icu.text.PluralFormat

所有已实现的接口:

Serializable, Cloneable
```
public class PluralFormat
extends UFormat
```
PluralFormat supports the creation of internationalized messages with plural inflection. It is based on plural selection, i.e. the caller specifies messages for each plural case that can appear in the user's language and the PluralFormat selects the appropriate message based on the number.
The Problem of Plural Forms in Internationalized Messages

Different languages have different ways to inflect plurals. Creating internationalized messages that include plural forms is only feasible when the framework is able to handle plural forms of all languages correctly. ChoiceFormat doesn't handle this well, because it attaches a number interval to each message and selects the message whose interval contains a given number. This can only handle a finite number of intervals. But in some languages, like Polish, one plural case applies to infinitely many intervals (e.g., the paucal case applies to numbers ending with 2, 3, or 4 except those ending with 12, 13, or 14). Thus ChoiceFormat is not adequate.
PluralFormat deals with this by breaking the problem into two parts:
- It uses PluralRules that can define more complex conditions for a plural case than just a single interval. These plural rules define both what plural cases exist in a language, and to which numbers these cases apply.
- It provides predefined plural rules for many languages. Thus, the programmer need not worry about the plural cases of a language and does not have to define the plural cases; they can simply use the predefined keywords. The whole plural formatting of messages can be done using localized patterns from resource bundles. For predefined plural rules, see the CLDR Language Plural Rules page at http://unicode.org/repos/cldr-tmp/trunk/diff/supplemental/language_plural_rules.html
Usage of PluralFormat

Note: Typically, plural formatting is done via MessageFormat with a plural argument type, rather than using a stand-alone PluralFormat.
This discussion assumes that you use PluralFormat with a predefined set of plural rules. You can create one using one of the constructors that takes a ULocale object. To specify the message pattern, you can either pass it to the constructor or set it explicitly using the applyPattern() method. The format() method takes a number object and selects the message of the matching plural case. This message will be returned.
Patterns and Their Interpretation

The pattern text defines the message output for each plural case of the specified locale. Syntax:
```
 pluralStyle = [offsetValue] (selector '{' message '}')+
 offsetValue = "offset:" number
 selector = explicitValue | keyword
 explicitValue = '=' number  // adjacent, no white space in between
 keyword = [^[[:Pattern_Syntax:][:Pattern_White_Space:]]]+
 message: see MessageFormat
 
```
Pattern_White_Space between syntax elements is ignored, except between the {curly braces} and their sub-message, and between the '=' and the number of an explicitValue.
There are 6 predefined case keywords in CLDR/ICU - 'zero', 'one', 'two', 'few', 'many' and 'other'. You always have to define a message text for the default plural case "other" which is contained in every rule set. If you do not specify a message text for a particular plural case, the message text of the plural case "other" gets assigned to this plural case.
When formatting, the input number is first matched against the explicitValue clauses. If there is no exact-number match, then a keyword is selected by calling the PluralRules with the input number minus the offset. (The offset defaults to 0 if it is omitted from the pattern string.) If there is no clause with that keyword, then the "other" clauses is returned.
An unquoted pound sign (#) in the selected sub-message itself (i.e., outside of arguments nested in the sub-message) is replaced by the input number minus the offset. The number-minus-offset value is formatted using a NumberFormat for the PluralFormat's locale. If you need special number formatting, you have to use a MessageFormat and explicitly specify a NumberFormat argument. Note: That argument is formatting without subtracting the offset! If you need a custom format and have a non-zero offset, then you need to pass the number-minus-offset value as a separate parameter.
For a usage example, see the MessageFormat class documentation.
Defining Custom Plural Rules

If you need to use PluralFormat with custom rules, you can create a PluralRules object and pass it to PluralFormat's constructor. If you also specify a locale in this constructor, this locale will be used to format the number in the message texts.
For more information about PluralRules, see PluralRules.
另请参阅:

序列化表格

嵌套类概要
- 从类继承的嵌套类/接口 java.text.Format
  Format.Field

构造器概要

构造器
构造器	说明
`PluralFormat()`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for the default `FORMAT` locale.
`PluralFormat(String pattern)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given pattern string.
`PluralFormat(Locale locale)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given `Locale`.
`PluralFormat(Locale locale, PluralRules rules)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given set of rules.
`PluralFormat(Locale locale, PluralRules.PluralType type)`	Creates a new `PluralFormat` for the plural type.
`PluralFormat(PluralRules rules)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given set of rules.
`PluralFormat(PluralRules rules, String pattern)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given set of rules and a pattern.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given locale.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale, String pattern)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given pattern string and locale.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale, PluralRules rules)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given set of rules.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale, PluralRules.PluralType type)`	Creates a new `PluralFormat` for the plural type.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale, PluralRules.PluralType type, String pattern)`	Creates a new `PluralFormat` for a plural type, a pattern and a locale.
`PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale, PluralRules rules, String pattern)`	Creates a new cardinal-number `PluralFormat` for a given set of rules, a pattern and a locale.

方法概要

所有方法实例方法具体方法
限定符和类型	方法	说明
`void`	`applyPattern(String pattern)`	Sets the pattern used by this plural format.
`boolean`	`equals(Object rhs)`	Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.
`boolean`	`equals(PluralFormat rhs)`	Returns true if this equals the provided PluralFormat.
`String`	`format(double number)`	Formats a plural message for a given number.
`StringBuffer`	`format(Object number, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)`	Formats a plural message for a given number and appends the formatted message to the given `StringBuffer`.
`int`	`hashCode()`	Returns a hash code value for the object.
`Number`	`parse(String text, ParsePosition parsePosition)`	This method is not yet supported by `PluralFormat`.
`Object`	`parseObject(String source, ParsePosition pos)`	This method is not yet supported by `PluralFormat`.
`void`	`setNumberFormat(NumberFormat format)`	Sets the number format used by this formatter.
`String`	`toPattern()`	Returns the pattern for this PluralFormat.
`String`	`toString()`	Returns a string representation of the object.

从类继承的方法 java.text.Format
clone, format, formatToCharacterIterator, parseObject

从类继承的方法 java.lang.Object
finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

- 构造器详细资料
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat()
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for the default FORMAT locale. This locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for standard number formatting.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    ULocale.Category.FORMAT
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given locale.
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the PluralFormat will be configured with rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for standard number formatting.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(Locale locale)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given Locale.
    
    参数:
    
    locale - the PluralFormat will be configured with rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for standard number formatting.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(PluralRules rules)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given set of rules. The standard number formatting will be done using the default FORMAT locale.
    
    参数:
    
    rules - defines the behavior of the PluralFormat object.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    ULocale.Category.FORMAT
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale,
                    PluralRules rules)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given set of rules. The standard number formatting will be done using the given locale.
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the default number formatting will be done using this locale.
    
    rules - defines the behavior of the PluralFormat object.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(Locale locale,
                    PluralRules rules)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given set of rules. The standard number formatting will be done using the given locale.
    
    参数:
    
    locale - the default number formatting will be done using this locale.
    
    rules - defines the behavior of the PluralFormat object.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale,
                    PluralRules.PluralType type)
```
    Creates a new PluralFormat for the plural type. The standard number formatting will be done using the given locale.
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the default number formatting will be done using this locale.
    
    type - The plural type (e.g., cardinal or ordinal).
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(Locale locale,
                    PluralRules.PluralType type)
```
    Creates a new PluralFormat for the plural type. The standard number formatting will be done using the given Locale.
    
    参数:
    
    locale - the default number formatting will be done using this locale.
    
    type - The plural type (e.g., cardinal or ordinal).
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(String pattern)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given pattern string. The default FORMAT locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for standard number formatting.
    
    参数:
    
    pattern - the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    ULocale.Category.FORMAT
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale,
                    String pattern)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given pattern string and locale. The locale will be used to get the set of plural rules and for standard number formatting.
    Example code:
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the PluralFormat will be configured with rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for standard number formatting.
    
    pattern - the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(PluralRules rules,
                    String pattern)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given set of rules and a pattern. The standard number formatting will be done using the default FORMAT locale.
    
    参数:
    
    rules - defines the behavior of the PluralFormat object.
    
    pattern - the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    ULocale.Category.FORMAT
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale,
                    PluralRules rules,
                    String pattern)
```
    Creates a new cardinal-number PluralFormat for a given set of rules, a pattern and a locale.
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the PluralFormat will be configured with rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for standard number formatting.
    
    rules - defines the behavior of the PluralFormat object.
    
    pattern - the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
  - PluralFormat
```
public PluralFormat(ULocale ulocale,
                    PluralRules.PluralType type,
                    String pattern)
```
    Creates a new PluralFormat for a plural type, a pattern and a locale.
    
    参数:
    
    ulocale - the PluralFormat will be configured with rules for this locale. This locale will also be used for standard number formatting.
    
    type - The plural type (e.g., cardinal or ordinal).
    
    pattern - the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
- 方法详细资料
  - applyPattern
```
public void applyPattern(String pattern)
```
    Sets the pattern used by this plural format. The method parses the pattern and creates a map of format strings for the plural rules. Patterns and their interpretation are specified in the class description.
    
    参数:
    
    pattern - the pattern for this plural format.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if the pattern is invalid.
  - toPattern
```
public String toPattern()
```
    Returns the pattern for this PluralFormat.
    
    返回:
    
    the pattern string
  - format
```
public final String format(double number)
```
    Formats a plural message for a given number.
    
    参数:
    
    number - a number for which the plural message should be formatted. If no pattern has been applied to this PluralFormat object yet, the formatted number will be returned.
    
    返回:
    
    the string containing the formatted plural message.
  - format
```
public StringBuffer format(Object number,
                           StringBuffer toAppendTo,
                           FieldPosition pos)
```
    Formats a plural message for a given number and appends the formatted message to the given StringBuffer.
    
    指定者:
    
    format 在类中 Format
    
    参数:
    
    number - a number object (instance of Number for which the plural message should be formatted. If no pattern has been applied to this PluralFormat object yet, the formatted number will be returned. Note: If this object is not an instance of Number, the toAppendTo will not be modified.
    
    toAppendTo - the formatted message will be appended to this StringBuffer.
    
    pos - will be ignored by this method.
    
    返回:
    
    the string buffer passed in as toAppendTo, with formatted text appended.
    
    抛出:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if number is not an instance of Number
  - parse
```
public Number parse(String text,
                    ParsePosition parsePosition)
```
    This method is not yet supported by PluralFormat.
    
    参数:
    
    text - the string to be parsed.
    
    parsePosition - defines the position where parsing is to begin, and upon return, the position where parsing left off. If the position has not changed upon return, then parsing failed.
    
    返回:
    
    nothing because this method is not yet implemented.
    
    抛出:
    
    UnsupportedOperationException - will always be thrown by this method.
  - parseObject
```
public Object parseObject(String source,
                          ParsePosition pos)
```
    This method is not yet supported by PluralFormat.
    
    指定者:
    
    parseObject 在类中 Format
    
    参数:
    
    source - the string to be parsed.
    
    pos - defines the position where parsing is to begin, and upon return, the position where parsing left off. If the position has not changed upon return, then parsing failed.
    
    返回:
    
    nothing because this method is not yet implemented.
    
    抛出:
    
    UnsupportedOperationException - will always be thrown by this method.
  - setNumberFormat
```
public void setNumberFormat(NumberFormat format)
```
    Sets the number format used by this formatter. You only need to call this if you want a different number format than the default formatter for the locale.
    
    参数:
    
    format - the number format to use.
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(Object rhs)
```
    Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.
    The equals method implements an equivalence relation on non-null object references:
    - It is reflexive: for any non-null reference value x, x.equals(x) should return true.
    - It is symmetric: for any non-null reference values x and y, x.equals(y) should return true if and only if y.equals(x) returns true.
    - It is transitive: for any non-null reference values x, y, and z, if x.equals(y) returns true and y.equals(z) returns true, then x.equals(z) should return true.
    - It is consistent: for any non-null reference values x and y, multiple invocations of x.equals(y) consistently return true or consistently return false, provided no information used in equals comparisons on the objects is modified.
    - For any non-null reference value x, x.equals(null) should return false.
    The equals method for class Object implements the most discriminating possible equivalence relation on objects; that is, for any non-null reference values x and y, this method returns true if and only if x and y refer to the same object (x == y has the value true).
    Note that it is generally necessary to override the hashCode method whenever this method is overridden, so as to maintain the general contract for the hashCode method, which states that equal objects must have equal hash codes.
    覆盖:
    
    equals 在类中 Object
    
    参数:
    
    rhs - the reference object with which to compare.
    
    返回:
    
    true if this object is the same as the obj argument; false otherwise.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    Object.hashCode(), HashMap
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(PluralFormat rhs)
```
    Returns true if this equals the provided PluralFormat.
    
    参数:
    
    rhs - the PluralFormat to compare against
    
    返回:
    
    true if this equals rhs
  - hashCode
```
public int hashCode()
```
    Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is supported for the benefit of hash tables such as those provided by HashMap.
    The general contract of hashCode is:
    - Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during an execution of a Java application, the hashCode method must consistently return the same integer, provided no information used in equals comparisons on the object is modified. This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an application to another execution of the same application.
    - If two objects are equal according to the equals(Object) method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce the same integer result.
    - It is not required that if two objects are unequal according to the Object.equals(java.lang.Object) method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce distinct integer results. However, the programmer should be aware that producing distinct integer results for unequal objects may improve the performance of hash tables.
    As much as is reasonably practical, the hashCode method defined by class Object does return distinct integers for distinct objects. (This is typically implemented by converting the internal address of the object into an integer, but this implementation technique is not required by the Java™ programming language.)
    覆盖:
    
    hashCode 在类中 Object
    
    返回:
    
    a hash code value for this object.
    
    另请参阅:
    
    Object.equals(java.lang.Object), System.identityHashCode(java.lang.Object)
  - toString
```
public String toString()
```
    Returns a string representation of the object. In general, the toString method returns a string that "textually represents" this object. The result should be a concise but informative representation that is easy for a person to read. It is recommended that all subclasses override this method.
    The toString method for class Object returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the object is an instance, the at-sign character `@', and the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the value of:
    getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())
    覆盖:
    
    toString 在类中 Object
    
    返回:
    
    a string representation of the object.

类 PluralFormat

The Problem of Plural Forms in Internationalized Messages

Usage of `PluralFormat`

Patterns and Their Interpretation

Defining Custom Plural Rules

嵌套类概要

从类继承的嵌套类/接口 java.text.Format

构造器概要

方法概要

从类继承的方法 java.text.Format

从类继承的方法 java.lang.Object

构造器详细资料

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

方法详细资料

applyPattern

toPattern

format

format

parse

parseObject

setNumberFormat

equals

equals

hashCode

toString

类 PluralFormat

The Problem of Plural Forms in Internationalized Messages

Usage of PluralFormat

Patterns and Their Interpretation

Defining Custom Plural Rules

嵌套类概要

从类继承的嵌套类/接口 java.text.Format

构造器概要

方法概要

从类继承的方法 java.text.Format

从类继承的方法 java.lang.Object

构造器详细资料

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

PluralFormat

方法详细资料

applyPattern

toPattern

format

format

parse

parseObject

setNumberFormat

equals

equals

hashCode

toString

Usage of `PluralFormat`